Analysis of Vowel Pronunciation Errors of Grade IX Students of MTs Harapan Jasa Langkat

This research aims to observe pronunciation errors and vowels of Grade IX students of MTs Harapan Jasa Makmur. Based on the observation, the writer noted that the students had difficulty differentiating English vowels. The type of this research was a qualitative method, which is descriptive and tends to use analysis and it was in the form of words instead of numbers. In this study, the main data collection techniques were participant observation, in-depth interviews, documentation studies, and a combination of the three or triangulation. The author chose class IX containing 7 students to be sampled in his research. The authors ran several tests that they spoke and recorded each word. after our research, it turns out that there were still many students who can't pronounce English enough. Around 50% of students are lacking in English pronunciation and the teacher's solution was by giving repetition and repeating the material that has been studied, especially English pronunciation.


INTRODUCTION
Language has been a component of mankind from its inception.A communication system that is used inside a specific social group.Humans and animals cannot exist without communication.Humans can express themselves or receive new knowledge by communicating verbally or in writing.as stated by (Halliday, M. A.K, 1994)."Language is a human communication system that employs arbitrary signals such as speech sounds, gestures, or written symbols.Language is also an expression of ideas through voice; sounds are thinking expressions expressed by throat and mouth organs (Suryaleksana et al., 2022) Most Indonesian students think learning English is as important as learning Indonesian.Language is essential for communicating thoughts, feelings, and ideas.Language communication.Language transmits knowledge and culture.The tool is language.Language aids business, education, and workplace communication.Someone must speak English correctly.Pronunciation prevents miscommunication.Mispronunciation changes word meaning.It could misinterpret us (Pitaloka, 2021) Pronunciation is the means through which the spoken language is identified or understood.Learning proper pronunciation is essential when acquiring a foreign language.While most college students struggle with English, they make common mistakes in all areas of the language, including hearing, speaking, reading, and writing.The author has already explained that phonology, vocabulary, and grammar are the three main components of any language.Phonology is an extremely important component of these additions.Pronunciation-related phonology is applied mechanically.For this reason, the author hopes to do research into pronunciation (mainly approximately vowels).
When speaking English, there is a relationship of communication that goes in both directions between the speaker and the listener.Because of the interaction between these factors, it is necessary for both the speaker and the listener to appropriately articulate the English sounds for the speaker to successfully express the desired meaning.If you don't pronounce it correctly, the person listening to you will get it wrong and not understand what you mean.This is because sounds are fundamental building blocks of language and that individual sounds can transmit a wide range of connotations (George Yule, 2010).
The author observed that students of IX grade MTs Harapan Jasa Makmur struggled with English vowels.The author then mentioned the student's skill is pronouncing sentences with an accent or dialect.Most of the students were foreign and puzzled by their language, so they could speak the phonetic notation but not the phrase intonation.These terms demonstrate English vowel pronunciation difficulties.
The author chose this school because most of the students in this school have great difficulty pronouncing English vowels and consonants, even though they are taught English in school, and many students cannot pronounce English words correctly, especially vowels.The author selected several people to sample in his study.The authors ran some tests they said and recorded each word.

METHOD`
This type of study takes a descriptive qualitative approach that frequently employs analysis and is expressed in words and visuals rather than numbers.A qualitative research method promotes in-depth investigation of a problem rather than seeing it through the prism of generalization research.Because qualitative processes believe that each problem is unique, this research approach prefers to employ in-depth analytical tools, a particularly case-by-case study of difficulties.
The aim of this qualitative research approach is not a generalization but a deep understanding of a problem.Qualitative research functions to provide substantive categories and qualitative research hypotheses.
The goal of this qualitative research method is not a generalization, but rather a thorough comprehension of a topic.The purpose of qualitative research is to produce substantive categories and qualitative research hypotheses.

Result
The researcher analyzed 7 students of grade IX MTs Harapan Jasa Makmur as the sample.The following table shows the percentage of correct answers and wrong answer sounds.As shown in Table 1, the [ae] sound is the highest mispronounced sound, it reached 100% of the errors.The second biggest error occurs in [i], where the frequency is 5 students making mistakes.the third biggest error is [u] where the frequency error was 4 students.In addition, the sound [ə], [e], [ɛ], and [ɪ] have a relatively smaller error rate.mispronounced words account for almost 50% of correct spoken words.

Discussion
Based on the analysis of the data shown above, it is possible to argue that three errors were committed by two of the samples regarding the word "made."The first person said it was pronounced "maed," while the second participant said it was pronounced, "mt."This occurred because these individuals erroneously utilized different vowel sounds in place of [e], which is the right vowel sound.
All of the samples who pronounced the word "beat" incorrectly did so because they pronounced the I as a short I instead of a long i.The five people who took part in the study all made these blunders.It should be pronounced as [ˈbit], but these samples pronounced it as [ˈbɪt].
There is no room for error in the usage of the term "bit," as its pronunciation is identical to the word itself.There was not a single error committed by any of the samples.Every single one of the examples had an excellent pronunciation of the word "men."It was possible to conclude that none of the samples had any difficulty pronouncing the words with the English vowel sound [ɛ] because there was no error.
The word "bat" contains all seven types of errors found in the samples.The eighth person pronounces the word with the vowel sound [ae] for the [ae] sound, making the final pronunciation [ˈbɛt].Many people in the sample mispronounce it as [ˈbʌt].All of the samples have the proper pronunciation of the word "around."There are now four right answers and three wrong ones.
The word 'food' has a total of four errors.They all pronounce it as [ˈfʊt].In conclusion, these samples used the sound [ʊ] instead of [u].
For the word 'pull', one mistake was made by the same participant.They pronounce it as [ˈpul].From these results, it can be concluded that the participant used the wrong sound.Instead of using the sound [ʊ], samples use the sound [u].
For the word 'hot' there is no mistake because the pronunciation is the same as the word.For the word 'father', participant 2 also made the same mistake by using the vowel sound [ʌ] instead of [ɑ].

CONCLUSION
Research and discussion led to the realization that student mistakes might be broken down into two distinct types: grammatical and vocal.The most typical slip-up in Research and discussion led to the realization that student mistakes might be broken down into two distinct types: grammatical and vocal.The most typical vowel spelling mistake is [I] where students intend to pronounce it to be [e].The most common mistake found in consonants is [ae] where students intend to pronounce it as [ɛ].
The most common mistakes found in diphthongs are [aɪ] and [eɪ] where students intend to pronounce them as [ɪ] or [e] sound.Students' mispronunciations can be attributed to a variety of reasons, including those that are internal, those that are external, and those that are interlingual.The inability to adequately prepare for and practice public speaking, as well as the accompanying anxiety, are examples of internal causes.The interruption that comes from speaking one's mother tongue is an example of an internal issue, whereas the lack of time and opportunities to utilize English in day-to-day life is an example of an external element.According to the findings of this study, students should pay greater attention to how they pronounce their words.They are expected to practice more regarding the component that deals with pronunciation.
For the students to improve their vocabulary, they are forced to do a large deal of reading.Additionally, they are expected to recognize their weaknesses and strive toward finding answers to the problems that they are confronted with.In addition, the usage of social media in this day and age can be of assistance to them in learning and utilizing English not only with their friends but also in an easy manner with native English speakers.This is because social media platforms are increasingly used by native English speakers.